日粮中添加酵母培养物对青海藏羊生长性能和瘤胃微生物多样性的影响

Effects of Adding Yeast Cultures to Diets on Growth Performance and Rumen Microbial Diversity of Qinghai Tibetan Sheep

【目的】旨在研究在日粮中添加0.2%酵母培养物对高原型藏羊生长性能和瘤胃微生物多样性的影响。【方法】选取60只体重相近且体况良好的3月龄藏羊,随机分为2组,每组30只,每组6个重复,每个重复5只羊。对照组(C组)饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮上添加0.2%酵母培养物(T组)。试验分为预饲期10 d和正试期90 d。试验结束时,分别从每组随机选择6只羔羊进行屠宰。【结果】(1)对照组的平均日增重显著低于试验组(P<0.05),而料重比则明显相反(P<0.05);(2)2组间Shannon指数、Simpson指数、Ace指数和chao1指数差异均不显著(P>0.05);(3)试验组的拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且试验组的变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);(4)试验组的普雷沃氏菌科(Prevotellaceae)相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】日粮中添加0.2%酵母培养物能够明显提高藏羊生长性能及部分有益菌的相对丰度。

【Objective】The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effect of adding 0.2%yeast cul⁃ture to the diet on the growth performance and rumen microbial diversity of plateau-type Tibetan sheep.【Method】Sixty 3-month-old Tibetan ram lambs of similar weight and good body condition were ran⁃domly divided into 2 groups of 30 lambs each with 6 replicates of 5 lambs.The control group(group C)was fed with the basal diet while the experimental group was fed with the basal diet with 0.2%yeast cul⁃ture(group T).The experiment was divided into a pre-feeding period of 10 days and a main trial period of 90 days.At the end of the trial,six lambs from each group were randomly selected for slaughter,re⁃spectively.【Result】①The average daily weight gain of the control group was significantly lower than that in the test group(P<0.05),while the weight to feed ratio was significantly opposite(P<0.05);②The Shannon index,Simpson index,Ace index and chao1 index were not significantly different between the two groups(P>0.05);③The relative abundance of Bacteroidota in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the test group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);④The relative abundance of Pre⁃votellaceae in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The addition of 0.2%yeast culture to the diet can significantly improve the growth performance and relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria in Tibetan sheep.