我国基层医疗卫生机构药学队伍及药学服务现状研究

Current Situation of Pharmaceutical Care in Primary Medical and Health Institutions in China

目的分析我国基层医疗卫生机构药学队伍的配置和药学服务存在的问题,为基层医疗卫生机构的药学服务完善提供参考。方法检索国家和省级政府相关统计年鉴对近年来基层医疗卫生机构、人员等数据进行采集与处理,采用半结构化访谈江苏省和安徽省50名业内人士,详细调研了基层医疗卫生机构药学服务实施现状及存在问题等。结果我国基层医疗卫生机构数量东西中部占比基本保持平衡;基层药师在基层卫生技术人员的占比由2010年6.56%降至2022年5.07%,每万人口基层药师数仅为1.2;药学服务内容和形式单一,缺乏统一标准;药学服务对象呈现收入、文化、医疗保障水平低等特点,对于药学服务和药师认知有待提高。结论我国基层医疗卫生机构发展存在地域性的差距,基层药学服务人员数量配备不均衡,整体素质偏低,药学服务理念尚未更新,还需要围绕药学服务政策、内容及规划进行探索。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the existing problems in the configuration of pharmaceutical teams and pharmaceutical services in primary medical and health institutions in China to provide reference for the improvement of pharmaceutical services in such institutions.METHODS First,relevant statistical yearbooks of national and provincial governments were searched to collect and process data on grassroots medical and health institutions,personnel,etc.in recent years.Second,semi-structured interviews were conducted with 50 key informants from 2 provinces(Jiangsu and Anhui)in East China to conduct detailed research on the current situation and existing problems in the implementation of pharmaceutical services in grassroots medical and health institutions.RESULTS The number of primary medical and health institutions in China was basically balanced in the middle,east,and west.The proportion of primary pharmacists in primary health technicians decreased from 6.56%in 2010 to 5.07%in 2022,and the number of primary pharmacists per 10,000 population was only 1.2.The content and form of pharmaceutical care were simple and lack of unified standards.The pharmaceutical care objects were low in income,education and medical security level,and the cognition of pharmaceutical care and pharmacists needs to be improved.CONCLUSION There is a regional gap in the development of grass-roots medical and health institutions in China.The number of grass-roots pharmaceutical care personnel is unbalanced,the overall quality is low,and the concept of pharmaceutical care has not been updated.It is necessary to explore the policy,content and planning of pharmaceutical care.