长江经济带高质量发展评估与时空分异特征

High-quality Development Evaluation and Its Spatial Variation in Yangtze River Economic Belt

党的二十大报告指出高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务,加快构建新发展格局,贯彻新发展理念,推动高质量发展成为新时期国土空间发展的战略重点。遵循新发展理念与安全发展重要原则,从创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享、安全6个维度构建长江经济带高质量发展评价指标体系,评估了经济带、城市群和城市高质量发展水平,分析了不同尺度单元的高质量发展水平及时空分异特征。结果表明城市高质量发展水平自下游向上游递减趋势:2010~2020年,长江经济带高质量发展水平整体上升,高质量发展绝对差距有扩大趋势;经济带三大城市群之间及城市群内部高质量发展差异显著,长三角城市群发展水平最高,内部发展差距最小,中游城市群和成渝城市群高质量发展水平提升快,中游城市群内部高质量发展内部差距缩小显著。在此基础上从城市高质量发展不同维度取长补短、城市群结构优化、上下游协调发展以及体制机制建设等方面提出长江经济带高质量发展的对策建议。

High-quality development is the major task in building China's socialist modernization.Based on the perspective of new development concept and safe development principles,this paper developed a high-quality development evaluation index system and measured the high-quality development level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,urban agglomerations,and cities.Spatial statistics and analysis techniques were adopted to explore the characteristics and evolution of high-quality development at different scales in the economic belt.The results show that:(1)The high-quality development level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has been improved significantly,but the absolute development gap has been widened in the past decade.(2)The high-quality development gap within and among the three major urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt was obvious,with the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomerations having the highest development level and the smallest internal gap.The Middle Reaches of Yangtze River and the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration have been improved rapidly,but the internal gap of the former has been narrowed significantly.(3)The level of urban high-quality development showed a decreasing trend from the lower reaches among cities of the Yangtze River Economic Belt to the upper reaches.And the high-value cities has been increased in the lower reaches,while the low-value cities has been improved in the middle and upper reaches.Based on the analytic results,this paper put forward certain policy suggestions to improve regional differences among different reaches,to optimize spatial structure of urban agglomerations,to promote high-quality development of cities through weak dimensions,and to strengthen institutional mechanisms of coordinated development.