数字普惠金融对重庆城乡收入差距的影响研究

Study on the Impact of Digital Inclusive Finance on Urban-rural Income Gap in Chongqing

基于2016-2021年重庆市38个区、县的面板数据,分别使用数字普惠金融指数以及覆盖广度、使用深度、数字化程度三个分类指数与城乡收入差距的泰尔指数,构建个体固定效应模型,实证研究重庆市数字普惠金融发展对城乡居民可支配收入差距的影响情况。研究结果表明:重庆市数字普惠金融发展水平处于“U”型拐点之前,发展数字普惠金融可以使城乡收入差距缩小;重庆数字普惠金融的覆盖广度和使用深度水平的提高,可以缩小城乡收入差距,数字普惠金融依托数字技术开展线上金融服务提高了普惠金融的覆盖范围,使落后地区的居民也能享受到多样的普惠金融服务,有利于城乡收入差距的缩小;但数字普惠金融的数字化程度对城乡收入差距的影响存在门槛效应,部分区县数字普惠金融的数字化程度处于“U”型拐点之后,数字化程度提高了金融门槛,阻碍了数字普惠金融服务的发展,不利于城乡收入差距的缩小。

Based on the panel data of 38 districts and counties in Chongqing from 2016 to 2021,the individual fixed effect model is constructed by using the digital inclusive financial index,the three sub-indexes covering the breadth,the depth of use,the degree of digitalization,and the Theil index of the urban-rural income gap;this paper empirically studies the impact of the development of digital inclusive finance on the disposable income gap between urban and rural residents in Chongqing.The results show that the development level of digital inclusive finance in Chongqing is before the‘U’inflection point,and the development of digital inclusive finance can narrow the urban-rural income gap.The improvement of the coverage and depth of digital inclusive finance in Chongqing can narrow the urban-rural income gap.Digital inclusive finance relies on digital technology to carry out online financial services to improve the coverage of inclusive finance,so that residents in backward areas can also enjoy a variety of inclusive financial services,which is conducive to narrowing the urban-rural income gap.However,the digitalization degree of digital inclusive finance has a threshold effect on the urban-rural income gap.The digitalization degree of digital inclusive finance in some districts and counties is behind the“U”shaped inflection point,which raises the financial threshold,hinders the development of digital inclusive financial services,and is not conducive to narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas.