2011—2022年影响山东半岛的台风特征分析

Analysis of the characteristics of typhoons affected the Shandong Peninsula from 2011 to 2022

2011—2022年总计15个台风影响山东半岛,6月下旬至9月中旬均有发生,集中在7月下旬至8月中旬。按路径特征划分半岛以东组和半岛以西组,分别为9个和6个。半岛以东组台风平均生成地点较后者偏南6.5个纬距,平均极值强度(48.8m/s)及影响山东半岛期间的平均强度(27.4m/s)均明显强于半岛以西组(37.5和18.7m/s)。但半岛以西组台风的降雨影响更为严重,半岛以西组最大降水量均值为274mm,随年份增加呈现增长趋势,约每年增长16mm;半岛以东组最大降水量均值为170 mm,随年份变化不大。影响山东半岛的登陆台风陆上平均维持时长显示,2011—2021年平均为53.9 h,较1991—2010年(36.6h)明显增长。

A total of 15 tropical cyclones affected the Shandong Peninsula from 2011 to 2022,all of which occurred from late June to early September,and concentrated during late July to mid-August.According to the tracks,it was divided into the groups east of the peninsula(9 cases)and west of the peninsula(6 cases).The average generation location of the typhoons in the east group was 6.5 latitudes south than that of west group.The average life maximum intensity in the east group(48.8 m/s)was higher than that of west group(37.5 m/s).While affecting the Shandong Peninsula,although the intensity of the west group(18.7 m/s)was lower than the east group(27.4 m/s),the precipitation was much more severe.The maximum precipitation of the west group was 274 mm,and it showed a growth trend with the year increase(an annual increase of 16 mm).While the maximum precipitation of the nine typhoons in the east group was 170 mm,which changed not much with years.The duration time over land of the landfall TCs that affected the Shandong Peninsula during 2011 to 2021 was 53.9 h in average,which was distinctly longer than the average from 2011 to 2021(36.6 h).