荣成近海潮下带海域大型底栖动物生态特征

Ecological characteristics of macrobenthos in coastal subtidal area of Rongcheng

基于2016年4个季度的生态调查数据,本研究分析了山东荣成近海大型底栖动物的生态特征,并对调查海域生态健康状况进行评价。共发现163种大型底栖动物,双唇索沙蚕(Lumbrineris cruzensis)、多丝独毛虫(Tharyx multifilis)、丝异须虫(Heteromastus filiformis)为4个季度共有优势种。2016年度大型底栖动物平均密度为301.83ind·m^(-2),平均生物量为58.89g·m^(-2);多样性指数(H')、均匀度指数(J)、丰富度指数(d)的季度变化范围分别为2.50~2.58、0.80~0.87、1.20~1.89;聚类分析结果表明,4个季度的群落分布格局包含近岸群落和远岸群落,水深是影响该海域大型底栖动物群落结构的主要因子;AMBI和M-AMBI指数评价显示荣成近海底栖生态系统受到一定程度的干扰。本研究揭示了荣成近海大型底栖动物群落结构特征,可为该海域的生态环境保护提供参考依据。

We studied the ecological characteristics of macrobenthic community in the coastal area of Rongcheng and its ecological health status based on the investigation data collected in four seasons,2016.A total of 163 macrobenthic species were identified.The dominant species throughout the four seasons were Lumbrineris cruzensis,Tharyr multifilis and Heteromastus filiformis.The average biomass of the macrobenthos was 58.89 g·m^(-2)and the average abundance estimated from the four cruises was 301.83 ind·m^(-2).The Shannon index(H')of the macrobenthos community varied between 2.50 and 2.58,the species evenness index(J)varied between 0.80 and 0.87 while the species richness index(d)ranged from 1.20 to 1.89.The Bray-Curtis similarity cluster analysis showed that there is a distinct distribution of macrobenthic community from seashore to offshore,which is closely correlated with the spatial structure of bathymetry in the studying region.The benthic biological indices(AMBI and M-AMBI)indicated that the benthic ecosystem in the coastal area of Rongcheng tends to be moderately disturbed.Our findings revealed the community structure of macrobenthos in the coastal area of Rongcheng,which should provide a reference basis for ecological environment protection.