绿色技术转移何以抑制碳排放——基于长三角城市的经验证据

How Green Technology Transfer Curbs Carbon Emissions--Empirical Evidence from Cities in the Yangtze River Delta

在当前资源环境约束加剧背景下,盘活国内存量绿色技术并推动其转移应用,是中国实现“双碳”目标的关键。基于长三角城市的绿色技术专利转让数据,实证检验了城际绿色技术转移的碳减排效应及作用传导机制。研究发现:(1)绿色技术转移可显著抑制地区碳排放且存在滞后期;(2)产业结构变迁的中介效应主要体现在“高级化-质”与“合理化”两方面,而“高级化-量”的中介效应则不显著;(3)研发水平提升的中介效应体现在缓解R&D人力和资本的要素配置扭曲、提升R&D能力两方面;(4)“外联型”跨市技术转移的减排示范作用高于“内源型”同城转移。进一步指出,围绕“需求牵引供给、供给创造需求”,促进绿色技术转移的“增量提质”,加速其在产业链的嵌入,并将其示范效应转化为规模效应,促成人才链、资金链、创新链的要素联动,是抑制碳排放的务实路径。

Given the increasingly significant resource&environment constraints,revitalizing domestic green technologies and promoting their transfer and application has become a key for China to achieve the“dual carbon”goal.Based on the data of green technology patent transfers in the Yangtze River Delta,this paper empirically tests the carbon emission reduction effect and the transmission mechanism of inter-city green technology transfer(GTT).This study finds that:(1)GTT can significantly suppress regional carbon emissions,and there is a lag period;(2)The mediating effect of industrial structure changes is mainly reflected in“advanced-quality”and“rationaliza-tion”,but the“advanced-quantity”does not play a significant mediating effect;(3)The improvement of R&D level plays a mediating effect by alleviating the distortion of R&D human and capital allocation,and improving the R&D capability;(4)The emission reduction demonstration effect of the“internal”type of GTT within the same city is lower than that of the“external”type’s cross-city transfer.We further point out pragmatic ways to curb carbon emissions,such as focusing on“demand-driven supply,supply-creating demand”,pro-moting the quantity and quality of GTT,accelerating its embedding in industrial chain,transforming its demonstration effect into a scale effect,and promoting the linkage of elements among talent chain,capital chain,and innovation chain.