自然冰雪晶粒子观测及形状分类研究进展

Research progress in observation and shape classification of natural snow and ice crystals

冰雪晶是云中水成物的重要组成部分,鉴于不同形状的冰雪晶形成及增长的物理条件、过程经历不同,为此准确判断观测冰雪晶粒子的形状是揭示云微物理结构和降水机制的重要依据。文中概述了近半个多世纪以来中外观测冰雪晶粒子的方式和手段。梳理了对冰雪晶粒子的测量和形状分类技术的发展历程。分析总结了冰雪晶观测及其形状分类识别技术的新进展,并对未来发展进行了展望。旨在促进和推动以冰雪晶形状为基础的中国云微物理结构与降水机制的深入研究。

Snow and ice crystals are important components of hydrometeors in clouds.Different shapes of snow and ice crystals are determined by their different physical formation and growth processes.Accurate observation of the shapes of snow and ice crystals is an important prerequisite for revealing the microphysical structure and precipitation mechanism of clouds.This paper summarizes studies and methods of observing crystals of ice and snow in the past half-century.The development of crystal measurement and shape classification technology for snow and ice is reviewed.The new progress of snow and ice crystal observation and shape classification and recognition technology is analyzed and summarized.The aim is to provide a reference of images for further studies of cloud microphysical structure and precipitation mechanism in China.