发展中俄经贸合作与中俄远东物流通道建设

China-Russia Economic and Trade Cooperation and Building of China-Russia Far East Logistics Channel

中俄扩大经贸合作,物流通道的重要性不言而喻。在欧洲航线两大基本物流通道环境发生巨大变化的情况下,适应中俄经贸合作快速发展趋势和俄罗斯远东开发意愿,中俄合作打造远东物流大通道具有多重意义,应将其定位为中俄战略性合作项目。以符拉迪沃斯托克港口为核心的俄罗斯远东港口群具有形成中俄进出口贸易铁-铁跨境班列物流运输、东北亚海-铁联运国际中转、中国内贸货物跨境运输中转、中俄边境互市商贸货物物流运输等多种物流功能的极大潜力。目前看,中俄远东物流基础设施存在很多问题,经常出现的口岸货物通关拥堵的原因既有中俄双方通关便利化程度不够,也有物流通道基础设施落后。中俄在远东物流通道基础设施合作的重点应放在以下几方面:提高口岸铁路换装效率、口岸地方合作投资改善俄方口岸至符拉迪沃斯托克港口间的公路质量、投资合作开发远东港口、务实推进东北黑吉两省利用符拉迪沃斯托克港口群开展内贸货物跨境运输。

The importance of expanding economic and trade cooperation and logistics channels between China and Russia is self-evident.Given the huge changes of the two basic logistics channels on European routes,and the need to adapt to the rapid development trend of China-Russia economic and trade cooperation and Russia's willingness to develop the Far East,China-Russia cooperation in building a large logistics channel in the Far East has multiple meanings and should be positioned as a strategic cooperation project between the two countries.With Vladivostok as its core,the Russian Far East port group has great potential to form cross-border train logistics transportation for China and Russia,an international transfer port for Northeast Asia's sea-rail combined transport,cross-border transit for China's domestic trade goods,and China-Russia border trade and cargo logistics transportation.Currently,there are lots of problems in the logistics infrastructure of China and Russia in the Far East.The reasons for frequent customs clearance congestion are not only the insufficient facilitation of customs clearance between China and Russia,but also the backwardness of logistics channel infrastructure.The focus of China-Russia logistics channel infrastructure cooperation in the Far East should be on the following aspects:improving ports'railway replacement efficiency,investing in improving the quality of the road between the Russian ports and the Vladivostok port,together developing the ports in the Far East,and pragmatically promoting the use of the Vladivostok port cluster for Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces to carry out cross-border transportation of domestic trade goods.