低压铸造技术特点及常见缺陷浅析

Characteristics and Common Defects of Low-pressure Casting

低压铸造成型技术是有色金属实现精密化、薄壁化和轻量化成型制造的重要工艺之一。相比于重力铸造而言,低压铸造由于在一定压力下充型、结晶凝固,因此,具有铸件成形性好、缺陷数量少、工艺出品率高的特点,尤其对于大型复杂薄壁铸件低压铸造技术优势明显。本文着重分析了低压铸造的技术原理、工艺特点以及相关工艺参数对铸件质量的影响,探讨了低压铸造缺陷的产生原因和防治措施,并对低压铸造的发展趋势进行了展望。

With the rapid development of the world economy,low-pressure casting molding technology is one of the important research directions for the realization of precision,thin-walled and lightweight molding and manufacturing of non-ferrous metals.Compared with gravity casting,because low-pressure casting is flled and crystallized under a certain pressure,it has the characteristics of good casting formability,small number of defects and high process yield,especially for large-scale complex thinwalled castings,low-pressure casting technology has obvious advantages.Therefore,this paper focuses on the analysis of the technical principle,process characteristics and related process parameters of low-pressure casting on the quality of castings,discusses the causes and prevention measures of low-pressure casting defects,and prospects the development trend of low-pressure casting.