大明湖水污染物因子分析及富营养化评价

Water Pollutant Factor Analysis andEutrophication Evaluation of the Daming Lake

为了对济南市大明湖水质进行科学、合理的评价,基于2019年枯水期与丰水期的水质数据,使用Pearson相关分析和主成分分析对主要水污染物因子进行数据分析,并采用综合营养状态指数法对水质进行富营养化评价,探究大明湖水质时空变化特征。结果表明:大明湖水污染物因子中超标因子为总氮,超出Ⅴ类水标准,且水质空间差异显著,烟波桥进水口为污染来源的主要途径;枯水期水质处于中营养水平,丰水期水质处于轻度富营养化水平,大明湖富营养化因子主要为总氮和叶绿素a,受到外来氮营养盐和水温的控制;结合历史年份的综合营养状态指数可知,近年来大明湖水质呈逐年好转趋势。

To scientifically and reasonably evaluate water quality of the Daming Lake in Jinan city,Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to conduct data analysis of main water pollutant factors on the basis of water quality data in dry season and wet season in 2019.Comprehensive nutritional status index method was used to evaluate eutrophication of the water quality and explore spatio-temporal variation characteristics of the water quality in the Daming Lake.The results show that in the water pollutant factors of the Daming Lake,the overstandard factor is total nitride,which exceeds the standard of Class V water,and the spatial difference of the water quality is significant.Yanbo Bridge inlet is the main source of pollution.The water quality in dry season is at the mesotrophic level,and the water quality in wet season is at the mild eutrophic level.Eutrophication factors of the Daming Lake are mainly total nitride and chlorophyll a,which are controlled by exotic nitrogen nutrients and water temperature.Combined with comprehensive nutritional status indexes in historical years,the water quality of the Daming Lake shows a trend of improvement year by year in recent years.