中国高层住宅全生命周期管理与维护问题研究

Research on the Life Cycle Management and Maintenance of High-rise Residential Buildings in China

自1998年房改以来,高层住宅成为中国商品房供给的主要产品,目前已形成了大规模的高层住宅建筑体量。早期建成的一批高层住宅即将进入老旧大修期,其维护与动迁更新成本不低而且会越来越高,这是必须迫切关注的一个问题。此外,高层住宅管理中也存在一些问题,比如消防隐患、塌事故、公有部分的维护纠纷,重大公共卫生事件带来的卫生安全隐患,等等。本文通过分析我国高层住宅的发展、现状和面临的挑战,探索高层住宅全生命周期管理与维护机制,以提升我国高层住宅的维护管理水平,避免或有效应对上述问题。

Since the housing marketization reform in 1998,the high-rise housing has become the main product of China's commercial housing supply and developed into a large-scale housing stock.High-rise residential buildings built in the early stage are about to enter the major overhaul period.The high and increasing costs of maintenance and rehabilitation require urgent policy attention.In addition,there are other problems in the management of high-rise housing that require policy consideration,such as hazards of fire and collapse,disputes on the maintenance responsibilities for public components,public health issues during pandemic,and so on.This paper discusses the trend of high-rise housing development in China and analyzes the maintenance and management challenges.It proposes a high-rise housing life-cycle management system,in order to improve the quality of high-rise housing maintenance and management and to avoid or effectively address the problems raised above.