中国法学高等院校中立法学教育的补全与拓新

The Completion and Innovation of Legislation in Legal Education in China

目前,我国法学教育较为注重司法中心主义人才培养模式,立法学教育相对处于边缘地位。从二级学科、研究方向、本科理论课程和实训课以及专业实习等方面可以看到,我国对立法学教育的重视不够。与之相对,在中国特色社会主义法治建设的新时代,国家极为重视立法队伍建设以及立法人才培养,法治实践中培育立法人才的需求日益迫切。故此,补全我国法学教育中立法学面向有其现实必要性。具体而言,为推进兼顾司法面向与立法面向的法学教育,首先,应设置立法学为法学二级学科,将立法学纳入本科阶段必修课程;其次,至少应建构立法法理学、立法技术学、地方立法学、新兴立法学、比较立法学等研究方向;最后,应拓新立法学教育教学方法,如课堂讲解式立法案例分析法、小型会议式立法研讨法、全程综合式立法模拟法、当事人模式立法参与法、学习观摩式立法实习法等。

The current legal education in China highlights the talent training mode of judicature centralism,but the legislative aspect is often ignored.Through the investigation and analysis of the present situation,we can see that in the secondary disciplines,research direction,undergraduate theoretical courses as well as practical courses and professional practice,legislation education in China has been in a state of absence for a long time.In contrast,the governments attaches great importance to the construction of the team of legislators and training of legislative talents.The training of legislative talents is urgent in the practice of rule of law,and legislation is feasible as a secondary subject of law.Therefore,it is necessary to complete and develop new aspects of the legislation in China’s legal education.In order to promote both judicature-oriented and legislationoriented legal education,on the one hand,it is necessary to construct a logical and comprehensive discipline system including legislative jurisprudence,legislative technology,local legislation,emerging legislation,comparative legislation and other research directions or courses.On the other hand,it is necessary to reform the teaching methods of legislation,including classroom explanation legislative case analysis,small conference legislative seminar,comprehensive legislative simulation method,party model legislative participation method,learning and observing legislative practice method.