反思与改进——学科评估影响力及其提升路径

Reflection and Improvement—The Influence of Discipline Evaluation and Its Enhancement Approaches

评估对教育质量改进的影响力是判断评估价值的核心指标。本文基于评估影响力形成的内在机理及核心要素,建立学科评估影响力分析框架。以此为工具,对我国第四轮学科评估影响力的分析发现:其积极影响在于增强了学科建设的动力,发挥了评估的激励导向功能,引领“双一流”大学建设战略顺利实施;其消极影响在于加剧了高校学术功利化,产生了马太效应。对第五轮学科评估的分析发现,学科评估在传承的基础上创新,消减了评估产生的负面影响,增强了评估的改进功能。为此,围绕我国学科评估影响力持续提升提出以下建议:学界积极探索和推广评估影响力理论与研究,为评估影响力评价和提升提供理论支撑;评估组织者将影响力分析列入评估质量问责的闭环,以便在反思中提升和改进。

The influence of evaluation on the improvement of education quality is the core index to judge the evaluation value.Based on the internal mechanism of the formation of evaluation influence and its core elements,this paper establishes an analysis framework of discipline evaluation influence.Taking it as a tool,this paper analyzes the influence of the fourth round of discipline evaluation in China,and finds that its positive influence lies in strengthening the motivation of discipline construction,giving play to the incentiveoriented function of evaluation,and leading the implementation of the strategy of“Double First-class”university construction;its negative influence is that it intensifies the academic utilitarianism of colleges and universities and produces Matthew effect.The analysis of the fifth round of discipline evaluation shows that discipline evaluation is innovative on the basis of inheritance,which reduces the negative impact of evaluation and enhances the improvement function of evaluation. Therefore, the following suggestions are put forwardaround the continuous improvement of the discipline evaluation influence in China: theacademic circles actively explore the theory and popularize the researches of evaluationinfluence, to provide theoretical support for the evaluation and improvement of evaluationinfluence;evaluation organizers put impact analysis into the closed loop of evaluationquality accountability, so as to promote and improve in reflection.