异空间、深层空间与科外幻空间——论《沙丘》中的怪诞场域书写

Heterogeneous Space,Deep Space and Hors-scientific Space:On the Grotesque Space Writing in Dune

弗兰克·赫伯特(Frank Herbert)在《沙丘》中不仅提供了一种典型的空间建构模式,更在此模式基础上为文本审美效应的生成提供了契机。置于怪诞美学理论视域下,《沙丘》中的空间建构实为“怪诞场域书写”,包含由“异空间—深层空间—科外幻空间”构成的三元结构及其运作:异空间形成的美学异托邦,将怪异的事物“正常化”;他异性的深层空间对异空间的僭越,为文本生产出强烈的怪诞效果;二者的相互作用使科幻小说变成一个落在科学之外的“科外幻空间”。“怪诞场域书写”作为《沙丘》书写现实的一种策略,使得科幻小说走向了独特的现实主义路径,获得了独立的审美价值。

In Dune,Frank Herbert presents a typical model of spatial construction,based on which aesthetic effects are brought out.From the perspective of grotesque aesthetics,the spatial construction in Dune is in fact a"grotesque space writing",which includes a ternary structure consisting of“heterogeneous space,deep Space and hors-scientific space”.In the operation of this structure,the aesthetic heterotopia formed by heterogeneous space normalizes the weird;the otherness of deep space,which arrogates to heterogeneous space,produces a strong grotesque effect for the text;interaction of the two makes a science fiction novel into an"hors-scientific space",which falls outside of science.As a strategy for describing reality,"grotesque space writing"in Dune has led science fiction to a unique path of realism and gained independent aesthetic value.