伊犁河谷猪瘟疫苗及胎牛血清中牛病毒性腹泻病毒污染情况调查

Investigation of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Contamination in Classical Swine Fever Vaccines and Fetal Bovine Serum in the Ili Valley

目前,我国对生猪重大疫病的防控主要依赖疫苗免疫,且猪群疫病商品化疫苗主要以弱毒苗为主。猪瘟弱毒疫苗是预防猪瘟最常用的理想疫苗,但是,部分生产厂家在猪瘟弱毒苗生产过程中,往往由于使用胎牛血清而出现外源病毒感染的情况,如最常见的牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)。BVDV感染猪群后,可降低猪瘟疫苗的免疫效价,造成疾病传播的风险。为调查伊犁河谷商品化猪瘟疫苗和胎牛血清中牛病毒性腹泻病毒污染的情况,本文对市售的5家厂商生产的不同种类的猪瘟疫苗和6家厂商生产的不同批号的胎牛血清,采用实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法进行BVDV检测。结果显示,猪瘟疫苗中BVDV核酸检测阳性率为18.2%,胎牛血清中BVDV核酸检测阳性率为8.3%,这为伊犁河谷养猪场及科研单位选用安全可靠的猪瘟疫苗与胎牛血清提供了技术支撑。

Currently,the prevention and control of major swine diseases in our country mainly relied on vaccination,and commercial vaccines for swine diseases were mainly based on attenuated vaccines.Attenuated vaccines for classical swine fever were the most commonly used and ideal vaccines for prevention.However,during the production of attenuated vaccines for classical swine fever,some manufacturers often used fetal bovine serum,which could lead to contamination by exogenous viruses,such as bovine viral diarrhea virus(BVDV),which was the most common.BVDV infection in pig populations could reduce the immune efficacy of classical swine fever vaccines and pose a risk of disease transmission.In order to investigate the contamination of BVDV in commercialized classical swine fever vaccines and fetal bovine serum in the Yili Valley,this study used real-time fluorescence quantitative(RT-PCR)to detect BVDV in different types of classical swine fever vaccines produced by 5 manufacturers and different batches of fetal bovine serum produced by 6 manufacturers.The results showed that the positive rate of BVDV nucleic acid detection in classical swine fever vaccines was 18.2%,and the positive rate of BVDV nucleic acid detection in fetal bovine serum was 8.3%.This provided technical support for the selection of safe and reliable classical swine fever vaccines and fetal bovine serum in pig farms and research institutions in the Yili Valley.