基于数量性状的伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃资源综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of wild Actinidia chinensis resources in Funiu Mountain based on quantitative traits

为了解伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃种质资源特征特性,筛选出优良种质,对该地区野生中华猕猴桃资源进行调查、收集,结合地理因子,采用方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析等方法对其叶长、叶宽、叶柄长等13个数量表型性状进行分析比较。结果表明:13个数量性状的变异范围为10.81%~47.56%,遗传多样性指数为2.90~2.94;果心大小和相对果心大小在不同经度存在显著差异,果心大小和果实横径在不同纬度存在显著差异,各数量性状间相关性较强;聚类分析将收集的19份伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃种质分为3类,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类分别有7、3、9份种质,其中第Ⅱ类种质有叶片大、果实大且比例适中的特点。综上所述,伏牛山野生中华猕猴桃具有丰富的表型多样性,根据种质的表型特征,筛选出优良种质3份,可用于育种利用与生产开发。

In order to study the characteristics of wild Actinidia chinensis germplasm resources in Funiu Mountain and screen out excellent germplasm,the wild A.chinensis resources in this area were investigated and collected.Combined with geographical factors,13 quantitative phenotypic traits such as leaf length,leaf width and petiole length were analyzed and compared by variance analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that the variation of 13 quantitative traits ranged from 10.81%to 47.56%,and the genetic diversity index ranged from 2.90 to 2.94.The size of fruit core and relative core size were significantly different at different longitudes,and the size of fruit core and fruit width were significantly different at different dimensions,and the quantitative traits were closely related to each other.The 19 wild A.chinensis germplasms collected from Funiu Mountain could be divided into 3 groups by cluster analysis.There were 7,3 and 9 germplasms in groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢ,respectively.The germplasms in groupⅡhad large leaves,large fruits and moderate proportion.In summary,Funiu Mountain wild A.chinensis had rich phenotypic diversity.According to the phenotypic characteristics of the germplasm,3 excellent germplasms were screened out,which could be used for breeding and production development.