基于响应面法的空调器扫风叶片优化设计

Optimal design of air condition sweeping blade based on response surface method

针对空调器扫风叶片结构可靠性和轻量化设计问题,采用Creo软件建立扫风组件的三维模型,利用ANSYS Workbench软件对其进行静态结构分析,得到扫风叶片等效应力分布云图和关键失效位置,并运用第四强度理论(最大形状改变比能理论)进行强度校核;最后,以扫风叶片的最小等效应力和最小质量为优化目标,采用参数灵敏度分析和响应面法对其结构参数进行优化设计。结果表明:扫风叶片关键失效位置在减薄区开孔处;失效形式为减薄区开孔处应力集中,在长期扫风工况下可能出现裂缝,最终引起扫风叶片断裂;影响扫风叶片最大等效应力的关键结构参数灵敏度为:减薄区减薄厚度>开孔宽度>减薄区宽度>上边缘距离(约等于下边缘距离);影响扫风叶片质量的关键结构参数灵敏度为:开孔宽度>减薄区宽度>减薄区减薄厚度>上边缘距离(约等于下边缘距离);采用响应面法优化后,扫风叶片最大等效应力降低46.3%,质量减轻7.1%。该研究可为扫风叶片结构可靠性和轻量化设计提供参考。

Aiming at the reliability and lightweight problem of air-condition sweeping blade.The 3D model of the sweeping blade was established by the Creo software.The static structural of the sweeping blade was analyzed by the ANSYS Workbench software,the equivalent stress nephogram and the crucial invalid location were obtained.At the meantime,the strength of the sweeping blade was checked by the 4th strength theory.Finally,the minimum equivalent stress and the minimum mass of the sweeping blade were took as the optimization objective,the structural parameters of the sweeping blade were optimized by parameter sensitivity analysis and response surface method.The results show that:The crucial invalid location of the sweeping blade is at the opening of the thinning zone.The failure form is the stress concentration at the opening of the thinning zone.The crack may occur under the long-term sweeping condition,and finally the sweeping blade fracture.The sensitivity of the key structural parameters affecting the equivalent stress is:the thinning thickness of thinning zone>the opening width>the width of thinning zone>the top edge distance≈the lower edge distance.The sensitivity of the key structural parameters affecting the mass is:the opening width>the width of thinning zone>the thinning thickness of thinning zone>the top edge distance≈the lower edge distance.After optimization by response surface method,the maximum equivalent stress of the sweeping blade is reduced 46.3%,the mass of the sweeping blade is reduced 7.1%.The research can provide a reference for the structural reliability design and lightweight design of the air-condition sweeping blade.