不同激发震源在同一煤炭勘查区的应用研究

Application research on different excitation sources in the same coal exploration area

在表、浅层复杂地震地质条件下,由于钻机成孔难度大,炸药震源无法在理想层位激发,导致由炸药震源激发采集的原始数据中面波、多次波等干扰波发育,在无法获得较好的煤层反射波剖面时,可将可控震源激发作为有效补充。通过不同震源激发参数实验,确定了适用于勘查区的最佳采集参数,通过对获得的可控震源与炸药震源反射波时间剖面进行对比研究,认为在地表条件复杂地区,同时使用可控震源和炸药震源激发采集原始数据可行。最终经钻孔验证表明,使用不同激发震源采集的数据获得的剖面目的层具有反射波连续性较好、信噪比高、真实可信等优点。

In the case of complex surface and shallow seismic geological conditions,due to the difficulty of drilling holes by drilling machines,explosive source cannot be excited in the ideal layer,resulting in the development of interference waves such as surface waves and multiple waves in the original data collected by explosive source excitation.When a good coal seam reflection wave profile cannot be obtained,vibroseis sources excitation can be used as an effective supplement.Through experiments with different source excitation parameters,the optimal acquisition parameters suitable for the exploration area were determined.By comparing and studying the time profiles of the reflected waves from the obtained vibroseis sources and explosive sources,it was found that in areas with complex surface conditions,it was feasible to use both vibroseis sources and explosive sources to excite and collect raw data simultaneously.Finally,drilling verification showed that the profile target layer obtained from data collected from different excitation sources had many advantages such as good continuity of reflected waves,high signal-to-noise ratio,and authenticity.