刑事证据有效辩护的反思与建构

Reflection on the effective criminal evidence defense and its construction

刑事证据辩护属于刑事辩护的独立基础性类型,目前我国证据辩护在理论研究与司法实践方面均处于起步阶段。证据资格辩护属于证据辩护的基础形态,证明力与证明标准辩护则属于高阶证据辩护形态。不同种类证据相关的普遍知识是证据证明力辩护的信息条件。在厘清证据辩护概念与证据有效辩护评价标准的基础上,以辩护人证据知识库构建以及对证据与待证要件事实的推理能力为支撑,充分考虑不同类型证据的特点,构建以证据资格辩护为基础,以证明力辩护与证明标准辩护为核心的充分有效的刑事证据辩护体系。实现准确事实认定与人权保障的双重诉讼目标。

Criminal evidence defense is an independent and basic type of criminal defense.At present,the defense of criminal evidence in China is in its infancy in terms of theoretical research and judicial practice.The defense of evidence qualification is the basic form of evidence defense,and the defense of probative value and the defense of standard of proof is a form of high-level evidence defense.The common knowledge underneath different types of evidence provides information condition for the defense of probative value.This paper argues,on the basis of clarifying the concept of evidence defense and the evaluation criteria of effective evidence defense,and the construction of the defense counsels'evidence knowledge base and the ability of drawing inferences between the evidence and the facts to be proved,and fully considering the characteristics of different types of evidence,a sufficient and effective criminal evidence defense system,which embraces the defense of evidence qualification as the basis of the system and the defense of probative value and the defense of standard of proof as the core of the system,should be constructed.Finally,the dual litigation goals of accurate fact-finding and human rights protection will beachieved.