蝶窦气化停滞的影像特征分析

Arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus:imaging characteristics

目的探讨分析蝶窦气化停滞的影像学特征,为其与蝶骨区病变的鉴别诊断提供参考。方法回顾性分析2018年5月至2019年9月于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院完成鼻窦CT检查的患者350例,其中男性183例,女性167例,年龄18~73岁。收集影像学资料,并对蝶骨体的CT及MRI特征进行观察。采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析。结果蝶窦气化停滞的出现率为2.0%(7/350),分别出现在翼突、斜坡区及蝶骨体。CT表现为发生在蝶骨体可气化的正常解剖区域内的非扩张性混合密度病变(7/7);区域内均有脂肪及软组织密度(7/7);区域内部分具有内部曲线钙化(3/7);颅底孔道结构未受影响(7/7)。MRI表现为明确的非扩张性病变,其中包含脂肪信号,且所有病变均未显示髓质扩张和皮质破坏。结论蝶窦气化停滞是一种正常的解剖变异,当在蝶窦的可气化区域遇到具有清晰骨性边界、内部含脂肪成分的非扩张性病变时,应考虑蝶窦气化停滞的可能性。

Objective To explore and analyze the imaging features of arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus,so as to provide reference for identifying sphenoid lesions.Methods From May 2018 to September 2019,a retrospective analysis was conducted on 350 patients(183 males and 167 females,aged between 18 and 73 years)who had been completed the sinus CT examination in the outpatient department of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University.Their imaging data were collected and the CT/MRI characteristics of the sphenoid body were observed.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The rate of arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus was 2.0%(7/350),which occurred in the pteroid process,the slope region,and the sphenoid sinus body,respectively.CT showed a nondilated mixed-density lesion(7/7)in the pneumatizable sphenoid body.Within these regions,both fat and soft tissue density(7/7)were present.Internal curve calcification was observed in part of the region(3/7).The skull base canal structure was not affected(7/7).MRI showed a clear non-dilated lesion with an adipose signal,and none of the lesions showed medulla dilation or cortical destruction.Conclusions Arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus is a normal anatomic variation.When non-dilated lesions with clear bony boundaries and internal fatty components are encountered in the vaporizable region of the sphenoid sinus,the possibility of arrested pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus should be considered.