空间站实验舱对接与转位机构分系统技术及研制

Technology and Development of Sub-System of Docking and Transposition Mechanism for Space Station Laboratory Module

受运载工具运载能力的限制,大型空间站须在太空对接组装。对接与转位机构在空间站组建过程中具有关键作用,用于实验舱与核心舱的对接及转位,实现空间站实验舱的组装。空间站实验舱对接与转位机构分系统是实施对接与转位任务的主动端,为复杂的空间机电热一体化机构产品,在正常模式下,由主动端实施分系统所有动作。在研制过程中,分系统充分论证系统方案,集中攻克关键技术,充分试验产品样机,并先后在轨圆满完成了实验舱Ⅰ和实验舱Ⅱ的对接与转位任务。论述空间站实验舱对接与转位机构分系统的研制技术,对后续空间机构产品研制具有启示作用。

Limited by the carrying capacity of the vehicle,the large-scale space station must be docked and transposed in space.The docking and transposing mechanisms play a key role in the construction of the space station.They are used for the docking and transposing between the lab modules and the core module so as to achieve the assembly of the space station modules.The docking and transposing mechanism subsystem of the space station is the active end of the docking and transposing task.It is a product of the complex integrated space mechatronic thermal mechanism.All the actions of the subsystem are carried out by the active end under the normal mode.In the development process,the system scheme is fully demonstrated,the key technologies are focused,and the product prototype is fully tested.The docking and transposing tasks of the lab modules I and II are successfully completed in orbit.In this paper,the development technology of the docking and transposing mechanism subsystem of the space station is discussed,which has important implications for the development of the subsequent space mechanism products.