天基为主的空间站测控通信模式

Space-Based TT&C and Communication Mode for Space Station

空间站时代为测控(TT&C)通信系统带来保障时间更长、覆盖要求更高、数据传输能力更强、航天员在轨工作生活体验更好等新的挑战,结合中继卫星系统(TDRSS)、卫星导航系统等天基测控通信手段的能力特点,提出以天基手段为主的解决方案,采用多星多舱段接力模式,将航天员出舱等重大活动的测控通信覆盖率提升至接近100%,采用多星多目标工作模式,较好地保障各种交会对接模式,综合利用中继卫星S频段多址(SMA)链路连续业务、短报文业务和北斗短报文业务常态化保障空间站安全运行,应用天地一体网络化技术,为航天员在轨上网、天地通信和载荷实验数据传输提供优质服务。

The space station era has brought new challenges to the tracking,telemetry,and command(TT&C)and communication system,such as longer guarantee time,higher coverage requirements,stronger data transmission capability,and better in-orbit working and living experience for astronauts.Combined with the capability characteristics of space-based TT&C and communication means such as the tracking and data relay satellite system(TDRSS)and the satellite navigation system,a solution based on space-based means is proposed,and tracking and data relay satellites are adopted,by which the coverage rate of TT&C for astronaut extravehicular activities is increased to nearly 100%.Furthermore,a multi-satellite and multi-target working mode is adopted to guarantee various rendezvous and docking modes,and the safe operation of the space station is ensured in a regular manner through the continuous or short message service by the S-band multiple access(SMA)links of tracking and data relay satellites and the Beidou short message service.The space-ground integrated network technology is provided to service for astronauts in the activities of in-orbit internet access,space-ground communication,and load experiment data transmission.