职教高考的多元样态、问题实质与改进策略

The Multiple State,Problem Essence and Improvement Strategy of College Entrance Examination for Vocational Education

职考高考自提出至今,在实践过程中呈现出典型的多元发展样态,体现在概念、政策、生源、考试内容和评价标准等多个方面。多元的实践样态在彰显丰富性的同时,也反映出职教高考在改革进程中存在的突出问题,如认识不统一、政策多变化、“立交”难通畅、评价标准参差不齐,以及考试理论建设滞后等。要提升职教高考的影响力,充分发挥职教高考促进人才选拔理念转变和职业教育高质量发展的功能,应进一步明确职教高考的内涵和功能定位,提高认识水平;建立全国统一的职教高考分类分层评价标准,增强职教高考的权威性;统筹规划职教高考招生培养环节,提高人才选拔的精准性;深入开展职教高考系统研究,以科学理论指导改革实践。

Since the college entrance examination for vocational education was put forward,multiple states have been formed in the practice,such as diversified concepts,policies,origin of students,examination content and evaluation standards,etc.The multiple state of the practice not only highlights the richness,but also reveals problems existing in the reform of college entrance examination for vocational education.These problems has been demonstrated by inconsistent understanding of the definition,continuous changes of policies,obstructed“interchange”,not-unified evaluation standards,and the lagging theory research.In order to enhance the influence of college entrance examination for vocational education and promote the transformation of talent selection concepts and the high-quality development of vocational education,we should improve the understanding level by clearly defining college entrance examination for vocational education and its function orientation,enhance its authority by establishing the national unified evaluation standard of the college entrance examination for vocational education,improve the precision of talent selection by well designing the recruitment and cultivation stages of vocational education,and guide the reform practice with scientific theories by carrying out in-depth systematic research on college entrance examination for vocational education.