西北干旱区沙漠化土地生态修复技术及沙产业的适用范围

The applicability of ecological restoration technologies and sand industries to the deserted land in northwest arid region of China

沙漠化是中国北方面临的严重环境问题,几十年的沙漠化防治积累了丰富的沙漠化土地修复和利用的经验和模式。随着生态文明建设尤其是绿色发展的深入推进,迫切需要集成以往的沙漠化土地生态修复技术和沙产业模式,并评估其在当前背景下的适用性。集成了沙漠化土地生态修复技术和沙产业等9种沙漠化土地修复和利用模式,并从气象条件、治理紧迫性、交通便利性、沙漠化程度等自然和人文因素两个方面制定适用性评价标准,以西北干旱区沙漠化土地和沙漠边缘带为研究区域,在遥感产品、气象观测、地面调查等多源数据的支持下,评估各个生态修复技术和沙产业模式在不同自然单元(自然沙地和退化型沙地)及行政县的适用范围,以期为沙漠化土地生态修复技术和沙产业的推广应用提供技术模式、评价标准及适用范围,将为决策者制定沙漠化土地修复和利用措施提供科学支持。

Desertification is one of serious environmental issues in northern China,and decades of the desertification prevention and control have obtained abundant experiences and various models for restoration and utilization of desertified land.With the in-depth enhancement of ecological civilization construction,especially green development,it is urgent to integrate previous ecological restoration technologies and sand industry models of desertified land and evaluate their applicability in the current context.In this paper,firstly 9 models in total are integrated,including engineering and biological desertification control technologies and sand industry models.Secondly their application criteria are formulated in terms of both natural and anthropogenic factors such as meteorological conditions,treatment urgency,transportation convenience,and desertification degree.Finally,taking desertified land and desert fringe areas in the northwest arid region as the study area,the implementation applicability of each ecological restoration and sand industry model in different natural units(natural sandy land and degraded sandy land)and administrative counties is assessed with multi-source data such as remote sensing products,meteorological observations and ground surveys.This study provides technical models,assessment criteria and suitable range for the ecological restoration techniques and sand industries in desertified land,and at the same time provides scientific support for decision makers in formulating restoration and utilization measures for desertified land.