微铣削芳纶纤维增强复合材料切削力信号特征试验研究

Experimental Study on Cutting Force Signal Characteristics of Micro Milling Aramid Fiber Composites

现阶段对芳纶纤维增强复合材料(Aramidfiberreinforcedcomposite,AFRP)的研究多集中于表面缺陷抑制方法的研究,而对表面创成机理系统性研究的却很少。基于此,试验研究了AFRP在微细铣削中切削力的变化趋势及其作用机理,总结了切削力宏观变化规律,并分析了微铣削力信号波形与AFRP结构特性之间的对应关系,得出了不同切削工艺参数下微铣削力的变化趋势,发现了铣削过程中出现的切削力峰谷异向交替变化规律;在切削力的微观分析中,发现了微细铣削中的主齿切削现象,并分析了该现象对切削力以及表面形貌的影响。试验研究表明:由于AFRP纤维层的编织形态和各向异性,铣削力波形宏观上表现出周期性的波动,三种切削状态参数充分表征了切削力的变化状态,包括峰谷异向交替变化规律、主齿切削现象等;主齿切削现象易导致切削力负荷过大,刀具磨损大,加工质量差,应尽量使切削状态更加平稳。该试验研究对AFRP微细铣削过程中毛刺等缺陷抑制、去除以及表面质量提升方法的进一步研究有一定指导意义。

The study on aramid fiber reinforced composite(AFRP)mainly focuses on the method of surface defect suppression,but there are few systematic studies on the surface formation mechanism.Based on this,the change trend and mechanism of cutting force in micro-milling with AFRP are studied experimentally,the macro-change law of cutting force is summarized,and the corresponding relationship between the signal waveform of micro-milling force and the structural characteristics of AFRP is analyzed.The changing trend of micro-milling force under different cutting parameters is obtained,and the law of abnormal alternation of cutting force peaks and valleys during milling is discovered.The phenomenon of main teeth cutting in micro-milling is found in the micro-analysis of cutting force,and the effect of this phenomenon on cutting force and surface morphology is analyzed.The experimental research shows that the milling force waveform shows periodic fluctuation on the macro level due to the braiding shape and anisotropy of the AFRP fiber layer,and the three cutting state parameters fully characterize the changing state of cutting force,including the law of peak-valley alternating change and the main teeth cutting phenomenon.The phenomenon of main teeth cutting can easily lead to excessive cutting force load,extensive tool wear,and poor processing quality,so the cutting should be as smooth as possible.This experimental study has some guiding significance for further research on the methods of bur suppression,burr removal,and surface quality improvement during AFRP micro-milling.