当代西方经济民粹主义的新发展趋势及其决定因素——基于马克思主义政治经济学的视角

The New Development Trend of Contemporary Western Economic Populism and Its Determinants—Based on the Perspective of Marxist Political Economy

当代西方经济民粹主义显示出非常明显的新发展趋势,即思潮发展的多样性与复杂性,政策主张的逆经济全球化与经济民族主义,以及政策实施的单边主义与经济武器化等。西方学者对此作了多方面的研究,经济民粹主义者也作了诸多辩解。但从马克思主义政治经济学的视角分析,当代西方经济民粹主义思潮发展的多样性与复杂性根源于当代资本主义危机的多重性,其政策主张的新动向是资本主义经济问题国际化与政治化的自然延伸以及重商主义回归的具体体现,其政策实施的新方式是资本本性、世界经济格局新变化与国家资本主义新发展的必然反映。深入分析当代西方经济民粹主义的新发展趋势及其决定因素,有助于深刻领会习近平关于当代西方民粹主义重要论述的精神实质,有助于化解经济民粹主义对当代中国经济发展的不确定性影响,促进新发展格局的构建。

The contemporary western economic populism shows a very obvious new development trend,that is,the diversity and complexity of ideological development,the anti-economic globalization and economic nationalism of policy advocacy,and the unilateralism and economic weaponization of policy implementation.Western scholars have conducted many studies on this,and economic populists have made many excuses.However,from the perspective of Marxist political economy,the diversity and complexity of the development of contemporary western economic populism are rooted in the multiplicity of contemporary capitalist crises,and the new trend of its policy propositions is a natural extension of the internationalization and politicization of capitalist economic issues and a concrete manifestation of the return of mercantilism.The new way of its policy implementation is the inevitable reflection of the nature of capital,the new changes in the world economic pattern,and the new development of state capitalism.An in-depth analysis of the new development trend of contemporary western economic populism and its determinants is helpful to understand the spirit essence of Xi Jinping’s important discussion on contemporary western populism,which is helpful to dissolve the uncertain impact of economic populism on China’s economic development and promote the construction of a new development pattern.