基于全网故障可观测的配电网行波定位装置优化配置方法

Optimal configuration method of traveling wave fault location equipment in a distribution network based on fault observability of the whole network

配电网结构复杂、分支线路众多,利用较少的行波定位装置实现全网故障定位具有显著经济效益。基于此,提出了一种基于全网故障可观测的行波定位装置优化配置方法。首先,引入树形结构图,定义配电网线路各节点间的层级关系。并根据行波传输特性,提出了装置配置基本条件:在目标配电网树形结构图中,邻接节点与其父节点至少有一个节点配置装置。将该基本条件作为约束,建立以装置数量最少化为目标函数的数学模型。模型中引入权重系数,量化线路长度、历史故障率对装置配置需求程度的影响。最后,使用改进灰狼算法求解模型最优解,形成最优配置方案。仿真算例结果表明,基于所提优化配置方法,在满足定位精度的前提下可显著减少行波定位装置数量、降低投资成本,故障定位误差小于100 m。且在线路N-1情况下具有一定的适应性,满足实际工程需求。

A distribution network has complex structure and numerous branch lines,and using less traveling wave fault location equipment to achieve fault location throughout the network has significant economic benefits.Based on this,a method for optimizing the configuration of traveling wave fault location equipment based on observable faults across the entire network is proposed.First,a tree structure diagram is introduced to define the hierarchical relationship between nodes in the distribution network.Then,based on the characteristics of traveling wave transmission,the basic conditions for device configuration are proposed:in the target distribution network tree structure diagram,at least one adjacent node and its parent node are configured with devices.A mathematical model is established with the objective function of minimizing the number of devices using this basic condition as a constraint.The model introduces weight coefficients to quantify the impact of line length and historical fault rate on the degree of device configuration demand.Finally,the improved grey wolf algorithm is used to find the optimal solution of the model and form the optimal configuration scheme.The simulation results show that based on the proposed optimized configuration method,the amount of traveling wave fault location equipment can be significantly reduced while meeting the positioning accuracy requirement,reducing investment costs.The fault positioning error is less than 100 m.It also has a certain adaptability in the N-1 case of the line,meeting practical engineering needs.