民国时期特殊教育课程发展的历程、特点及启示

A Research on Curriculum Development of Special Education in the Republic of China:Course,Characteristics and Enlightenment

民国时期特殊教育课程的发展历经初步发展时期、转化时期、调整时期三个阶段。在这一发展过程中,特殊教育课程呈现出鲜明的特点:课程政策由单一欠缺到逐步涉及,课程目标由个人本位到社会本位,课程内容由略显单调到日益丰富,课程实施由偏重宗教到立足本土。对当今我国特殊教育课程发展的启示:一是完善现代特殊教育课程相关政策;二是增强特殊教育课程内容科学性;三是建立完备的特殊教育课程实施机制;四是推动优质特教师资队伍建设。

The development of the special education curriculum in the Republic of China was divided into three stages:the initial development period of the special education curriculum,the transition period of the special education curriculum and the adjustment period of the special education curriculum.In this development process,the special education curriculum presents the distinct characteristics:the curriculum policy experienced pure lack to gradual involvement.The curriculum goal changed from individual orientation to social orientation.The content of curriculum became increasingly rich.The implementation of curriculum focused on the local context rather than purely on religion.The enlightenment to the development of special education curriculum in China is perfecting the relevant policies of modern special education curriculum and promote the construction of high-quality special teachers.