健康中国战略背景下公共卫生院校教育发展研究

Development of Public Health College Education Against the Background of Healthy China Strategy

在“健康中国”战略背景下,通过比较公共卫生院校教育需求与供给之间存在的差距,分析我国公共卫生院校人才培养中存在的问题,为形成中国特色的公共卫生人才培养体系提供理论参考。本文收集相关教育统计数据,并面向85所公共卫生院校发放问卷,对公共卫生学院负责人、用人单位领导、行政主管部门领导、公共卫生专业毕业生进行深度访谈,运用主题框架分析法进行归纳总结,深入挖掘影响院校人才培养成效的关键因素。研究认为,目前我国公共卫生院校教育取得了一定成效,但仍存在着公共卫生人才供给能力发展不充分、供给结构不平衡的突出问题。研究建议,进一步推进公共卫生院校教育应把公共卫生人才培养纳入国家战略规划,加大公共卫生院校教育战略性投入力度,强化院校、毕业后教育与继续教育“一体化”协同,推进公共卫生院校教育“标准化”建设,明确“大健康”公共卫生人才协同培养途径,探索公共卫生“顶天立地”卓越人才培养模式,加强公共卫生院校师资队伍建设。

This study analyzed the problems regarding talent training in public health colleges and universities in China by examining the gap between education demand and supply in these colleges and universities,thus to provide theoretical references for the formation of a public health personnel training system with Chinese characteristics in the context of Healthy China strategy.Relevant educational statistics were collected,questionnaires were distributed to 85 public health colleges,and in-depth interviews were conducted with principals of public health colleges,leaders of employers,leaders of administrative departments,and graduates of public health majors.Subject framework analysis was applied to explore the key factors that affect the effectiveness of talent training in colleges and universities.Although college education regarding public health in China has made certain achievements,problems including an insufficient supply of public health personnel and an unbalanced supply structure still exist.Therefore,we should incorporate the training of public health personnel into national strategic planning,increase the strategic investment in public health colleges and universities,and strengthen the integration of college,post-graduation,and continuing education.Moreover,we should promote the standardization of college education in public health,clarify the collaborative training approaches for public health personnel,explore training models for excellent public-health personnel,and strengthen the teaching staff construction in public health colleges and universities.