煤炭工业碳中和发展战略构想

Strategic Conception of Carbon Neutralization in Coal Industry

煤炭工业发挥着我国能源安全的关键保障作用,是推进“双碳”战略目标实施的重要领域,基于顶层设计视角勾勒煤炭工业碳中和发展战略对助推碳中和目标达成至关重要。本文立足我国基本国情并考虑区域发展实际,从发展理念、预期目标、重点方向等层面出发,系统阐述了煤炭工业碳中和发展的战略构想并明晰了具体实施路径。“差异达峰、协同中和”是煤炭工业及关联行业低碳绿色与高质量发展的主导方针,核心理念即兼顾空间差异,谋求区域协同发展,在坚持“全国一盘棋”的基础上科学划分煤炭能源生产区、煤炭能源应用区、新能源耦合区,进而分区域、分步骤实现“双碳”目标。可按达峰攻坚期、有序优化期、中和达成期3个阶段部署实施过程,从碳减排、碳替代、碳封存、碳循环4个层面细化实施路径,重点突破煤炭智能精准开采与清洁高效利用、煤矿瓦斯全浓度开发利用、废弃矿井抽水蓄能、储能与电力消纳、清洁煤电与碳捕集利用与封存耦合、CO_(2)高效驱替煤层气、CO_(2)生物/化工利用、矿山绿色生态修复等应用技术。相关研究可为煤炭工业实现“双碳”战略目标提供参考。

The coal industry is crucial for guaranteeing China’s energy security and achieving the carbon peaking and carbon neutralization(i.e.,“dual carbon”)goals.Therefore,it is imperative to formulate a carbon neutralization strategy for the coal industry from a top-level design perspective.Considering China’s basic national conditions and regional characteristics,this study elaborates the strategic conception of carbon neutralization of the coal industry from the aspects of development concept,expected goals,and key directions,and clarifies specific implementation paths.Specifically,the core concept is to achieve the“dual carbon”goals by both considering regional disparities and promoting regional coordination;based on an overall planning nationwide,the coal energy production,coal energy application,and new energy coupling zones should be scientifically classified,thus to realize the“dual carbon”goals by region and step.The development concept can be implemented via three stages:peak attainment,orderly optimization,and neutralization attainment,and the implementation path can be detailed as carbon emission reduction,carbon substitution,carbon sequestration,and carbon recycling.Moreover,efforts should focus on breakthroughs in the following applied technologies:intelligent and precise mining and clean and efficient utilization of coal,exploitation and utilization of coal mine gas at full concentration,pumped storage of abandoned mines,energy storage and power consumption,coupling of clean coal power with carbon capture,utilization and storage,efficiently replacing of coalbed methane with CO_(2),CO_(2) bio/chemical utilization,and green ecological restoration of mines.Relevant research can provide a pioneering and fundamental reference for the coal industry to realize the“dual carbon”goals.