从玩家到电子游戏的产消者:游戏模组爱好者“产-消”行为约束规则的演变

From Players to Prosumers of Video Games:The Evolution of the Rules That Constrain the"Production-Consumption"Behavior of Modders

游戏模组文化经历了从对游戏规则制定霸权的反抗到积极参与游戏内容生产的变迁。围绕规则的演变,研究阐释模组爱好者在从“玩家”向“产消者”转变的过程中,其“产-消”行为所受的三重约束:“拒斥规则”“参与规则”和“雇佣规则”。研究发现:在资本主义从“生产”向“产品”的转型的背景下,游戏模组文化促使游戏公司不再以技术霸权拒斥玩家参与制定游戏规则,部分地向玩家让渡游戏内容的生产权和游戏规则的制定权,以对话、合作、鼓励创新的协商方式为模组爱好者设置约束他们参与生产的规则。模组爱好者在闲暇时间的休闲活动兼具了生产性,由其组成的网络社区也成为游戏公司选取优秀员工的“劳务市场”,模组爱好者的“产-消”行为进一步受到来自游戏公司基于市场监控的雇佣规则约束。

The game modding culture has experienced a change from resisting the hegemony of game rule-making to actively participating in game content production.Around the evolution of rules,the study ex-plains the three constraints on behavior of modders in the process of transforming from"players"to"prosum-ers":"rules of rejection","rules of participation"and"rules of employment".The study finds that,against the background of the transformation of capitalism from"production"to"products",game modding culture prompts game companies to no longer reject players from participating in game rule-making with technical he-gemony,partially transfer the production rights and rule-making rights of game content to players,and set rules for modders to participate in production in a consultative way of dialogue,co-operation and encouraging innovation.Moddersleisure activities in their spare time have both productivity and their network community also becomes a"labor market"for game companies to select excellent employees.The prosumption behavior of modders is further constrained by the rules of employment from game companies based on market monito-ring.