基于“形神一体观”论治癌症相关性疲乏

Based on "holism of physique and spirit" to guide the treatment of cancer-related fatigue

“形神一体观”是在中国古代哲学形神相关理论影响下产生的中医学生命观,“形”是人体生理、病理活动的载体,“神”指人的意识、思维、情感等精神活动。气为神的物质基础,也是形与神联动的桥梁。学者们常将“形神一体观”表述为“形气神一体观”。本文从“形神一体观”出发,阐述其在癌症相关性疲乏发生、发展中的作用与临床应用。形之强弱决定神之盛衰,“神不使”是癌症相关性疲乏发生的重要因素和病理基础。治疗癌症相关性疲乏当坚持“形气神共治”的原则,圆机活法,通调五脏,补益为主;五神共调,综合干预;补气为要,适时疏泄。同时,将辨证论治与针灸、功法、心理调护等非药物疗法相结合,以求标本兼治,身心同调,帮助患者恢复至“形与神俱”的状态,为癌症相关性疲乏的中医药治疗提供新的思路。

The"holism of physique and spirit"is a view of life in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)that emerged from the influence of the ancient Chinese philosophy of the correlation between the physique and spirit.The physique is the carrier of human physiological and pathological activities,while the spirit is human consciousness,thoughts,emotions and other spiritual activities.Qi is the material basis of the spirit and also the bridge between the physique and spirit.Scholars often refer to the"holism of physique and spirit"as the"holistic view of physique,qi and spirit".This article focuses on the concept of"holism of physique and spirit"and elaborates on its role and clinical applications in the occurrence and development of cancer-related fatigue.The physique and spirit are mutually dependent,and the strength of the physique determines the strength of the spirit.The"spirit failing to function"is an important factor in the onset of cancer-related fatigue and the pathological basis for its development.The treatment of cancer-related fatigue should adhere to the principle of a"holistic view of physique,qi and spirit"and use appropriate method to regulate the five zang-organs,with tonification as the main method;and regulate the five spirits,together with comprehensive intervention;and the key to the treatment is supplementing qi,with consideration of appropriate dispersion.The combination of syndrome differentiation and treatment with non-pharmacological therapies,such as acupuncture and moxibustion,gongfu and psychological care aims to treat both the symptoms and the root cause and to harmonize the physique.Furthermore,it helps patients return to a state of"physique and spirit together"and to provide new ideas for the treatment of cancer-related fatigue in TCM.