生物质基活性炭在储能器件中的应用进展

Application Progress of Biomass Based Activated Carbon in Energy Storage Devices

环境灾害、能源匮乏和不断涌现的生活新需求(如可弯曲便携式电子设备、混合动力汽车等),需要不断探索新材料以提升超级电容器的性能。活性炭以其可控的多孔结构、化学稳定性、高导电性而成为超级电容器电极主导材料。此背景下,从生物质中生产低成本的活性炭至关重要,生物质碳具备来源丰富、绿色再生、独特生物结构与较高离子迁移率等特性,还有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖,是目前各国科研人员的探究热点。本文从生物质碳资源方面着手,阐述了生物质的各种来源、生物炭合成方法,综述了生物质及其衍生生物炭在超级电容器和锂离子电池方面的应用研究。

Environmental disasters,energy shortages and emerging new needs of life(such as portable bendable electronic devices,hybrid electric vehicles,etc.)require constant exploration of new materials to improve the performance of supercapacitors.Activated carbon has become the leading electrode material for supercapacitor due to its controllable porous structure,chemical stability and high conductivity.In this context,it is very important to produce low-cost activated carbon from biomass.Biomass carbon has the characteristics of rich sources,green regeneration,unique biological structure and high ion mobility,and also helps reduce the dependence on fossil fuels,which is currently a hot topic of research by researchers in various countries.Starting from the biomass carbon resources,this paper describes various sources of biomass and biochar synthesis methods,and reviews the application of biomass and its derived biochar in supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries.