基于POI数据的城市物流末端节点空间布局及影响因素研究——以上海市为例

Spatial Layout and Influencing Factors of Urban Logistics Terminal Nodes Based on POI Data:A Case Study of Shanghai

随着电商物流配送业务量越来越大,城市物流末端节点数量不断增加,推动其末端体系建设逐渐成为民生关注的一个重点问题。结合节点所属企业的属性和POI数量,将上海市物流末端节点分为大型、中型和小型规模节点三个类型。利用ARCGIS软件,采用标准差椭圆、核密度分析、相关性检验和缓冲区分析的方法,对上海市物流末端节点的空间布局及影响因素进行分析。结果表明:上海市物流末端节点的空间分布范围广,整体上从市中心向郊区不断蔓延扩散,集聚模式又呈现“双核多中心”的发展趋势;由于企业资源禀赋和所在区域环境的差异,小型规模节点的分布方向和范围具有不同的特点;交通便利性和政策因素对各类型物流末端节点的分布有着很大的影响,大型、中型规模节点的分布与各区的人口密度、经济发展水平联系紧密,而小型规模节点的相关性则不明显;末端节点的布局策略和规模大小反映了不同经营单位的发展阶段和战略决策。

With the increasing volume of e-commerce logistics distribution and the increasing number of urban logistics terminal nodes,promoting the construction of its terminal system has gradually become a key issue of people’s livelihood.According to the attributes of enterprises and the number of POI,Shanghai logistics terminal nodes are divided into three types:large-scale,mediumscale and small-scale.By using ARCGIS software,the paper analyzes the spatial layout and influencing factors of logistics terminal nodes in Shanghai by means of standard deviation ellipse,kernel density analysis,correlation test and buffer analysis.The results show that:the spatial distribution of logistics terminal nodes in Shanghai is wide,spreading from the city center to the suburbs as a whole,and the agglomeration model shows the development trend of“dual-core and multienter”;because of the difference of enterprise resource endowment and regional environment,the distribution direction and scope of smallcale nodes have different characteristics;traffic convenience and policy factors have a great impact on the distribution of various types of logistics terminal nodes,and the distribution of large and medium-sized nodes is closely related to the population density and economic development level of each district,while the correlation of small-scale nodes is not obvious;the layout strategy and scale of the terminal nodes reflect the development stages and strategic decisions of different business units.