生产者补贴政策对玉米生产的作用机制

Influence mechanism of producer subsidy policy on corn production

2016年我国玉米支持政策由原来的临时收储政策向生产者补贴政策转变,与临储政策相比,玉米生产者补贴政策的效果如何,有必要基于现有研究进行进一步的分析探讨。本文从玉米生产者角度出发,以经济学厂商理论为基础,采用DID双重差分法实证分析生产者补贴对玉米生产者的具体影响效果与省份、时间动态差异,研究结果表明:第一,生产者补贴在政策实施地区对玉米生产有着显著的促进作用,保障了地区玉米生产稳定;第二,从时间“动态效应”角度来看,随着时间推移,生产者补贴对玉米生产的影响效应逐步增大。第三,不同省份之间生产者补贴的影响存在着差异,在玉米主产区的黑龙江省,对比临储政策,生产者补贴无法补足生产者因价格下降产生的损失,对玉米单位面积产量影响效应较低。最后,针对结论提出了继续完善玉米生产者补贴政策、需要相关配套政策与生产者补贴政策配合并弥补补贴政策带来的劣势以及关注生产者补贴政策影响随时间推移出现的变化等相关对策建议。

In 2016,the agricultural subsidy framework for corn production in China underwent a pivotal transformation.This transition entailed a shift from the antecedent temporally-oriented policy of inventory control to a novel regime oriented towards producer subsidies.In comparison to its precursor,the temporal control policy,the efficacy and ramifications of this producer-oriented corn subsidy policy necessitate a deeper analytical exploration,drawing upon extant research as a foundation.Based on the economics theory of firms and applying the Difference-in-Differences(DID)model,this research seeks to empirically analyze the granular repercussions of producer subsidies upon corn producers and to examine the nuanced disparities across provinces and the temporal dynamics from the perspective of corn producers.Results show that:1)Producer subsidies played a significant role in promoting corn production in policy implementation areas,ensuring the stability of regional corn production;2)From the perspective of“dynamic effects”of time,the influence of producer subsidies on corn production gradually increased;and 3)There were heterogeneity of the impacts of producer subsidies among different provinces:particularly,in Heilongjiang Province,a preeminent corn-production hub,comparing with the former temporal control policy,the influence of producer subsidy on corn yield was relatively low because producer subsidy could not compensate the loss of corn producers from price drop.In summary,this paper provides the following suggestions:continuing the refinement of the corn producer subsidy framework,necessitating the coordination between the producer subsidy policy and other price support policies to reduce producer’s price loss,and paying attention to the changes in the impacts of the producer subsidy policy over time for future adjustment.