数控加工中变坐标问题的研究

Research on the Problem of Changing Coordinates in CNC Machining

针对多轴加工中心中机床无法加工死角或者干涉面的情况,添加能够变角度加工的刀具以实现不加装其他旋转轴或者翻转平面加工垂直刀具无法接触到的加工面,从而达到无需改变机床结构就可以增大其加工范围和适应性的效果,并能减少工件重复装夹次数,提高加工精度和效率。通过TCL语言对该后处理进行定制,达到自动判断实际加工时需要的G17/G18/G19平面,并且进行稳定的圆弧插补、直线插补、进刀和退刀,保证加工的安全性和准确性;除此以外,还加入了人性化的刀具列表和参数错误报警,为操作技师提供了很好的辅助参考;最后通过仿真实验证明该定制后处理可以在侧铣头加工中稳定、高效的使用,并获得较好的加工效果。

In the use of multi-axis machining centers,there are often dead corners or interference surfaces that cannot be machined by the machine tool.However,if a tool capable of variable-angle machining is added,it is possible to machine the machining surface that cannot be touched by the vertical tool without adding other rotating axes or flipping the plane,so as to increase the machining range and adaptability without changing the structure of the machine tool.This post-processing was customized through TCL language to automatically determine the G17/G18/G19 plane required for actual processing,and stable circular interpolation,linear interpolation,feed and retract were performed to ensure the safety and accuracy of processing.In addition,a user-friendly tool list and parameter error alarm were added,which could provide a good auxiliary reference for the operating technician.Finally,the simulation experiment proves that the customized post-processing can be well processed in the side milling head stably and efficiently,and better processing effect is obtained.