Ⅲ型干扰素抗流感病毒作用的研究进展

Recent Advances in Research on Type Ⅲ Interferons in Influenza Virus Infection

先天免疫应答是机体防御的第一道防线,激活炎症通路清除病毒。流感病毒感染可诱导Ⅲ型干扰素(Type Ⅲ interferons, IFNs),即IFN-λ1、λ2和IFN-λ3表达,是宿主抵抗流感病毒的关键细胞因子。流感病毒感染时,病原体相关分子模式的病毒成分被宿主病原体识别受体识别,激活多个先天免疫细胞信号级联通路,最终诱导产生Ⅲ型干扰素以及其他各种促炎细胞因子和趋化分子。Ⅲ型干扰素通过诱导干扰素刺激基因(Interferon-stimulated genes, ISGs)表达抗病毒因子抑制病毒复制以及调控T细胞免疫等机制,发挥抗流感病毒作用。本文综述了Ⅲ型干扰素及其在流感病毒先天免疫机制中的最新进展。

The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense, including activation of inflammatory pathways which facilitate viral clearance. In the event of influenza virus infection, expression of type Ⅲ interferons(IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2 and IFN-λ3) is induced. These key cytokines play crucial roles in mediating the antiviral response against influenza virus. The viral pathogen-associated molecular pattern is recognized by pattern recognition receptors, triggering a series of innate immune signaling cascades that result in the expression of type Ⅲ interferons and other pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Type Ⅲ interferons counteract the influenza virus by inducing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs) that induces antiviral factors and support T-cell immunity. In this review, we describe the latest advances pertaining to type Ⅲ interferons and explicate their roles in the mechanisms of innate immunity against influenza virus.