竞技游泳运动员大赛备战前高原训练生化监控指标分析

Analysis of Biochemical Monitoring Indicators of Competitive Swimmers During Altitude Training for Preparation of World Major Competitions

目的:通过测试高原训练前和高原训练后Rbc、Wbc、Hgb、Hct、Mcv、Mch、Mchc、Ck、Bun、Sf、T、C、T/C指标,分析高原训练对运动员生化指标的影响。方法:15名游泳运动员在昆明海埂训练基地进行5周的高原训练,出发高原前2天及高原训练第1周、第3周及回到平原1周后清晨空腹抽取静脉血,采用BC600全自动血液细胞分析仪检测血常规指标,Dimension RxL MaxTM全自动生化分析仪仪器检测Ck、Bun, ADVIA Centaur XP全自动化学发光免疫分析仪检测Sf、T、C的含量。结果:高原第1周、高原第3周和高原后1周的Rbc明显低于高原出发前,而Rbc含量显著高于高原出发前;高原第3周和高原后1周的Hgb显著高于高原前;高原第1周、第3周的Hct、Mcv、Mch显著低于高原前,而高原后1周的Hct、Hct、Mcv、Mch显著增加;高原第1周、第3周的Mchc显著高于高原前,而高原后1周的Mchc显著增加;高原后1周的Sf显著高于高原前;男运动员的T、T/C值高原训练第1周高于高原前,女运动员的T、T/C值高原第1周、第3周、高原后1周明显高于高原前。结论:(1)通过对比高原训练前后指标变化发现高原训练可能刺激免疫系统清除丧失功能的红细胞,提高血红蛋白含量和血球压积,铁蛋白与血红蛋白和血球压积呈正相关性,高原前可适当补充铁元素提高机体铁储备。(2)高原训练能提高运动员血睾酮、血睾酮/皮质醇比值,在高原后1周后仍能维持在较高水平,女运动员比男运动员提高更加明显。

Purpose:By testing Rbc,Wbc,Hgb,Hct,Mev,Mch,Mchc,Ck,Bun,Sf,T,C and T/C indicators be-fore and after altitude training,analyze the impact of altitude training on athletes biochemical indicators.Methods:15 swimmers conducted plateau training at the Kunming Haigeng Training Base for five weeks.Venous blood was col-lected on an empty stomach in the early morning two days before setting off to the plateau,during the first and third weeks of plateau training,and one week after returning to the plains.BC6o0 was used to collect blood.The automatic blood cell analyzer detects blood routine indicators,the Dimension RxL MaxTM fully automatic biochemical analyzer detects Ck and Bun,and the ADVIA Centaur XP fully automatic chemiluminescent immunoanalyzer detects the con-tents of Sf,T,and C.Results:Rbc in the first week of plateau,third week of plateau and one week after plateau was significantly lower than before departure from plateau,while Rbc content was significantly higher than before depar-ture from plateau;Hgb in week three of plateau and one week after plateau was significantly higher than before depar-ture from plateau Before;the Hct,Mcv,and Mch in the first and third weeks of the plateau were significantly lower than before the plateau,while the Hct,Hct,Mcv,and Mch increased significantly in the one week after the plateau;the Mcchc in the first and third weeks of the plateau were significantly higher.Before the plateau,Mcchc increased significantly one week after the plateau;Sf one week after the plateau was significantly higher than before the plateau;the T and T/C values of male athletes in the first week of plateau training were higher than before the plateau,and the T and T/C values of female athletes were higher in the first week of plateau training.The T/C value in the first week,third week after plateau,and one week after plateau was significantly higher than before plateau.Conclusion:OBy comparing the changes in indicators before and after plateau training,it was found that plateau training may stimulate the immune system to remove functional red blood cells and increase hemoglobin content and hematocrit.Ferritin is positively correlated with hemoglobin and hematocrit.Iron can be appropriately supplemented before plat-eau.The element increases the bodys iron reserves.@Plateau training can increase athletes blood testosterone and blood testosterone/cortisol ratio,which can still be maintained at a high level one week after the plateau.The im-provement is more evident for female athletes than for male athletes.