基于GIS地理空间关系的消防审查知识图谱构建

Construction of Knowledge Map of Fire Equipment Provisions Based on GIS Geo-spatial Relationship

BIM具有精细三维建模的优点,能够通过计算机平台展示消防设备的具体细节,GIS具有强大的空间分析功能,可以反映出BIM模型内构件的空间关系[1]。随着消防审查技术要求的日益提高,审查人员在消防设备的运营和管控中,大都缺少对消防设备地理空间信息属性的审查环节,这无疑会对审查结果的准确性造成一定影响。本研究针对上述问题,提出将建筑信息建模(BIM)技术与地理信息系统(GIS)技术相结合,实现这两种技术的相辅相成,并引入了知识图谱来改良建模。该方法以《建规》为基础语料库,通过改良的Methontology法,实现半自动化的图谱本体构建;接着采用Stanford大学开发的DeepDive新型数据管理系统,实现消防规范的特征关系抽取;最后在KGB(Knowledge Graph Builder)智能开发平台完成知识图谱的构建。该研究的意义在于一方面能够促进建筑行业与GIS技术的结合,另一方面也能够推动知识图数据库与文本规则条例的融合配对,实现综合楼宇消防构件的实景三维自动化审查。

BIM has the advantage of fine 3D modeling,which can show the specific details of fire protection equipment through a computer platform.GIS has a powerful spatial analysis function,which can reflect the spatial relationship of components within the BIM model.With the increasing technical requirements of fire protection review,to a large extent,the reviewers lack the review link of geospatial information attributes of fire protection equipment in the operation and control of fire protection equipment.This will undoubtedly have an impact on the accuracy of the review results.This study addresses the above problems by proposing to combine Building Information Modeling(BIM)with Geographic Information System(GIS)technologies to implement the complementarity of these two technologies,then introduces knowledge mapping to improve the modeling.The method takes the Building Code as the base corpus and realizes the semi-automatic construction of the mapping ontology through the modified Methontology method.The feature relationship extraction of the fire code is implemented through the new data management system DeepDive developed by Stanford University.Last but not the least,the construction of the knowledge map is completed with the KGB intelligent development platform.The significance of this research is that,on one hand it can stimulate the combination of building industry and GIS technology,on the other hand it can promote the integration of knowledge graph database and text rule regulation pairing to achieve the real-world 3D automated review of fire protection components in integrated buildings.