科尔沁沙地南缘典型林分枯落物层与土壤层水源涵养能力研究

Water holding capacity of litter and soil layers in typical forest stand in the southern margin of Horqin Sandy Land

研究科尔沁沙地南缘人工林枯落物层与土壤层对该地区水文效应的影响,为该地区之后人工林的经营与恢复提供理论依据。以不同配置模式的人工林为研究对象,利用熵权法对不同配置模式的人工林水源涵养能力进行评估。对于不同配置模式中的枯落物持水量与浸水时间、枯落物吸水速率与浸水时间以及土壤入渗时间与入渗速率进行拟合,均呈现出显著的函数关系;针阔混交林模式在枯落物有效拦蓄量、土壤最大持水量、土壤有效持水量和毛管持水量中均为最大,灌木纯林最小,其它的配置模式在枯落物层和土壤层的水文过程中表现有所差异;运用相关性分析和主成分分析对林地涵养水源指标进行分析和因子筛选,最终筛选出9个指标对6种不同的配置模式进行枯落物层和土壤层水文效应进行综合评价,表明水源涵养能力最强的针阔混交林模式,并且不同配置模式中混交林在枯落物层与土壤层的整体表现都优于纯林。

The influence of litter layer and soil layer of plantation in the southern margin of Horqin Sandy Land on the hydrological effects of this area was studied,which provides a theoretical basis for the management and restoration of plantation forests in this area.Taking the plantations with different configuration modes as the research object,the entropy weight method is used to evaluate the water conservation capacity of the plantations with different configuration modes.The water holding capacity and immersion time,litter water absorption rate and immersion time,and soil infiltration time and infiltration rate are fitted in different configuration modes,and all the functional relationships are significant.In the coniferous-broad mixed forest,the effective retention and storage of litter,the maximum water holding capacity of soil,the effective water holding capacity of soil and the water holding capacity of capillary tubes are the largest,and the smallest in pure shrub forest,and the other configuration modes show different performance in the hydrological process of litter layer and soil layer.Correlation analysis and principal component analysis are used to analyze and screening the water source indicators in forest land,and finally 9 indicators are screened to comprehensively evaluate the hydrological effects of litter layer and soil layer in 6 different configuration modes,indicating that the coniferous-broad mixed forest mode has the strongest water conservation capacity,and its overall performance in liter layer and soil layer is better than that of pure forest in different configuration modes.