乡村旅游地居民幸福感及其形成机制研究——一个质的分析

Residents’well-being and its formation mechanism in rural tourism destination:A qualitative analysis

乡村振兴战略的实施与乡村旅游的大力发展,引发了学界对乡村旅游研究的高度关注。文中从微观情境的视角出发,将对乡村旅游者体验的研究转向对当地居民幸福感问题的关注。文章以内蒙古呼和浩特市恼包村和陕西省兴平市马嵬驿为调研地,以乡村旅游地居民为研究对象,通过深度访谈,运用扎根理论的质性研究方法,揭示出乡村旅游地居民幸福感生成机制。研究发现:1)乡村旅游场、互动仪式、真实性获得、认同和恋乡情结构成乡村旅游地居民幸福感形成的主要范畴。2)乡村旅游地居民幸福感的产生受乡村旅游场、互动仪式和真实性获得三大环节共同影响,每个环节都伴随不同层面的认同与恋乡情结,进而促成乡村旅游地居民幸福感的形成。3)乡村旅游地居民在面对不同主体时会存在认同差异,且这种差异与认同主体的社交距离和对其交往主体的尊敬程度相关。

The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and the vigorous development of rural tourism have aroused the researcher's high attention to rural tourism.From the perspective of micro-situation,we shift the researches on the experience of rural tourists to focus on the well-being of local residents.Taking the rural tourism destination residents in Naobao Village,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia and Ma Weiyi,Xingping,Shaanxi as investigating and research objects,through in-depth interviews and qualitative research methods based on grounded theory,the formation mechanism of rural tourist destination residents'well-being is revealed.The results show that:1)Rural tourism field,interaction ritual,authenticity acquisition,identification and topophilia constitute the main category of the residents'well-being in rural tourism destinations.2)The generation of rural tourism destination residents'well-being is influenced by three major links:rural tourism field,interaction ritual and authenticity acquisition.Each link is accompanied by different levels of identification and topophilia,which promotes the formation of residents'well-being in rural tourism destinations.3)Rural tourism destination residents will have different identification when facing different subjects,and this difference is related to the social distance of the identification subjects and the respect for their communication subjects.