湖北省A级旅游景区空间分异及其影响因素

Spatial variation of A-level tourist attractions in Hubei province and its influencing factors

以湖北省的A级旅游景区作为研究对象,利用核密度估计、局域关联分析和标准差椭圆等空间分析方法,从空间集聚性、异质性和方向性特征等三大方面进行空间分异特征分析,并利用地理探测器进行影响因素分析。结果表明:1)空间集聚性特征:四时段核密度差异明显,武汉在四时段都为高度聚集区,连片区域随时间而增加,集聚范围和面积也都有所扩大。2)空间异质性特征:形成由最初的西热东冷到北热南冷再到后期的东西两头热中间冷的空间态势。后两个时段冷热点空间分布情况基本类似,其他时段差异较为明显。3)空间方向性特征:标准差椭圆覆盖面积不断增加,集聚范围不断加强,由最初的西部向东部迁移,都呈现出西北-东南的方向格局。4)影响因素分析:湖北A级旅游景区时空格局演化受自然地理环境、社会政治状况以及经济产业情况等三大方面内外部力量的共同影响。生产总值、旅游收入、三产占比以及政府的相关政策等人文类的因素是引起A级景区在空间上出现分异的主要影响因素。

In this study,A-level tourist spots in Hubei province are taken as the research object,spatial analysis methods,such as seed density estimation,local relationship and standard deviation ellipticity analysis,are applied to perform spatial analysis from three aspects:the plurality of space,heterogeneity and directional characteristics,as well as the geographic detectors,for analyzing influencing factors.The results show:1)Spatial features of the agglomeration:The core density varied greatly over four periods(2005,2010,2015,2021),and the city of Wuhan was a highly agglomerated area in four periods.The contiguous area increases with time,and the agglomeration range and area also expand.2)Spatial heterogeneity characteristics:The spatial pattern experienced a process of hot in west and cold in east-hot in north and cold in south--hot in east and cold in west-cold in middle region of the province.The spatial distribution of cold and hot spots was basically similar in the latter two periods,with more obvious differences in the other periods.3)Spatial directional characteristics:The coverage area of the standard deviation ellipse continued to increase,the agglomeration range continued to strengthen,and it migrates from the west to the east initially,showing a northwest-southeast direction pattern.4)Analysis of influencing factors:Changes in temporal and spatial distribution of A-level scenic spots in Hubei province were affected by the internal and external efforts that came from three aspects:The natural geographical environment,the socio-political situation and the economic and industrial situation.Human factors such as gross production value,tourism revenue,the proportion of tertiary industries and government policy were major contributing factors for the spatial divergence of A-level scenic spots.