中国小克拉通构造分异与古老海相碳酸盐岩油气富集规律

Structural differentiation of China's small-craton and hydrocarbon enrichment of ancient marine carbonate reservoirs

以古生界为主的海相碳酸盐岩是我国陆上油气勘探的重点领域,勘探开发成效显著。随着勘探不断发展,超深层、更古老海相层系油气成藏富集规律的认识面临挑战。本文从古老小克拉通盆地构造分异的角度,剖析油气成藏富集规律。通过对四川、塔里木和鄂尔多斯等克拉通盆地演化过程中的构造分异作用研究,认为克拉通盆地构造分异对沉积、成储与成藏组合有显著的控制作用。构造分异控制的三类油气聚集带是未来超深层海相碳酸盐岩油气勘探的重点领域。

In the past decade,the Paleozoic marine carbonate reservoirs have been the main targets for onshore hydrocarbon exploration in China,which have led to remarkable results.The results from ongoing progress in exploration have thrown the model regarding the hydrocarbon accumulation in the ultradeepand much older marine strata into dispute.In this study,the pattern of hydrocarbon accumulation is discussed from the perspective of structural differentiation of small-scale cratonic basins,such as Sichuan,Tarim and Ordos.The structural differentiation of these small-scale cratonic basins significantly impacts the sedimentation processes,the formation of reservoir,and the hydrocarbon accumulation assemblages.Three types of accumulation zones determined by structural differentiation are proposed,which could be the favorable area for future exploration in ultra-deep marine carbonate reservoirs of China.