中国新疆地区人群上颌第二磨牙根管系统变异的CBCT研究

A CBCT study on the variation of the root canal system of the maxillary second molar in Xinjiang,China

目的应用口腔锥形束CT,研究中国新疆地区人群的上颌第二磨牙根管系统的变异情况,为牙体牙髓疾病的诊治提供参考依据。方法纳入804例被研究的新疆地区人群上颌第二磨牙1527颗,利用CBCT对其根管形态,牙冠[牙合]面形态;牙根和根管数目、形态的对称性进行观察,MB2的检出率,以及存在MB2的上颌第二磨牙根管形态及对称率的观察,采用SPSS 21.0软件对所有资料进行交叉表、卡方检验和方差分析。结果上颌第二磨[牙合]面多为斜方形;三根牙居多;以Ⅰ型根管为主,近颊根变异较大,牙齿左右对称度高;存在MB2的上颌第二磨牙根管形态V型最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在MB2检出率上,年龄和性别无统计学差异(P>0.05);在MB2对称率上,性别无统计学差异(P>0.05);15~23岁年龄组的对称率最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在不同类型的根管形态中,Ⅱ型根管的根管口到第一个根管分叉的距离最长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中国新疆地区人群上颌第二磨牙根管系统复杂,变异较大,利用CBCT增加了对根管形态的认识,为牙体牙髓疾病的治疗提供参考依据。

Objective To study the variation of root canal system of maxillary second molars in Xinjiang,China,and to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of endodontic diseases.MethodsTotally 1527 maxillary second molars from 804 subjects in Xinjiang were included in this study.The morphology of root canals,occlusal surfaces of crowns,the number and symmetry of root and root canals were observed by CBCT,the detection rate of MB2 and the morphology and symmetry of root canals of maxillary second molars with MB2 were analyzed by cross-table,chi-square test and analysis of variance with SPSS 21.0 software.ResultsMost of the occlusal surfaces of maxillary second molars were trapezoid,most of them had three teeth,most of them had typeⅠroot canals,the mesiobuccal root had more variation,and the symmetry of the teeth was high,there was no significant difference in the MB2 detection rate between age and sex(P>0.05),and no significant difference in the MB2 symmetry rate between the sexes(P>0.05),the distance between the orifice of typeⅡroot canal and the first root canal furcation was the longest among the different types of root canal morphology(P<0.05).Conclusion China is complex and variable.CBCT can improve the knowledge of root canal morphology and provide reference for the treatment of endodontic diseases.