流体数值模拟网格自适应技术研究进展

Review of mesh adaptation for fluid numerical simulation

计算网格是流体数值模拟误差的主要来源之一,极大地影响着流动模拟结果的精度.传统网格生成强烈依赖于用户经验,加大了复杂飞行器网格生成的难度,增加了气动特性预测数据的不确定度.网格自适应技术是结合流动特性的计算网格自主优化技术,可通过迭代优化消除网格因素造成的数值模拟误差,能有效提高飞行器气动特性预测精度.近年来在运输机高升力复杂构型的成功应用,表明了网格自适应技术已发展到了较为成熟的阶段.本文针对计算流体力学,首先系统总结了网格自适应涉及的误差估计、网格编辑和物面几何保形三项关键技术的研究进展,并介绍了相关的主要并行实现技术.其次,文中介绍了网格自适应技术在网格相关性分析、流场细节捕捉、气动特性计算和非定常流动模拟中的主要应用情况.最后,本文提出了网格自适应技术研究存在的问题及未来研究方向.

Computational mesh is one of the main source of errors in fluid numerical simulation,which greatly affects the accuracy of flow simulation result.Traditional mesh generation strongly depends on user experience,which increases the difficulty of mesh generation for complicated aircraft and increases the uncertainty of aerodynamic characteristics prediction data.Mesh adaptation is a mesh autonomous optimization technology combined with flow characteristics,which can eliminate numerical errors caused by mesh factors through iterative procedure,and can effectively improve the accuracy of aircraft aerodynamics prediction.In recent years,the successful application of mesh adaptation in the high-lift complicated configuration of transport aircraft shows that the adaptation technology has developed to a relatively mature stage.In this paper,for computational fluid dynamics,first of all,the research progress of three key techniques related to mesh adaptation,including error estimation,mesh editing and geometry shape preservation,is systematically summarized,and their parallel implementation techniques are briefly introduced.Secondly,the main applications of mesh adaptation in mesh correlation analysis,flow detail capture,aerodynamics prediction and unsteady flow simulation are introduced.Finally,the future research direction to tackle the existing problems of mesh adaptation are proposed at the end of the paper.