学龄期儿童预防保健对儿童生长发育的作用

The Effect of Preventive Health Care for School-Age Children in Their Growth and Development

目的 探讨学龄期儿童预防保健对儿童生长发育的作用。方法 收集2021年12月至2022年11月进行体检的共362例学龄儿童实施研究,采用填写问卷调查的方式,了解所有儿童生长发育的基本情况及饮食、运动、睡眠、是否定期体检以及父母婚姻状况。观察对比预防保健干预前后儿童生长发育的变化。结果 学龄期儿童在不同年龄段中,8岁儿童的身高明显高于6、7岁儿童,且头围也比其他两组儿童大,在体质量指数(BMI)方面,7、8岁儿童的BMI均高于6岁儿童(P <0.05),不同年龄阶段的学龄儿童在不同环境下的生长发育不同,挑食儿童的身高和头围均低于不挑食的儿童,运动3 h以上儿童的身高和体质量比运动3 h以下的儿童低,头围较大(均P <0.05)。不同年龄段的学龄儿童进行保健干预前后情况对比,预防保健干预后的学龄儿童身高、BMI、头围均高于未进行预防保健干预的儿童(均P <0.05)。结论 学龄期儿童的饮食、运动、睡眠及体检等都会影响儿童的生长发育,所以,对学龄期儿童加强预防保健工作,不仅能够促进儿童的生长发育,减少相关疾病的发生,而且能够促进儿童的神经功能发育,使其健康成长。

Objective To explore the role of preventive health care for school-age children in their growth and development.Methods A total of 362 school-age children who underwent physical examinations from December 2021 to November 2022 were collected for the study.A questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the basic growth and development of all children,as well as their diet,exercise,sleep,regular physical examinations,and parental marital status.Observe and compare the changes in children's growth and development before and after preventive health interventions.Results In different age groups of school-age children,the height of 8-year children is significantly higher than that of 6-year-old and 7-year children,and their head circumference is also larger than the other two groups of children.In terms of body mass index(BMI),the BMI of 7 and 8-year children is higher than that of 6-year children(P<0.05).The growth and development of school-age children in different age groups in different environments,the height and head circumference of picky eaters are lower than those of non picky eaters,Children who exercise for more than 3 hours have lower height and body weight compared to children who exercise for less than 3 hours,with a larger head circumference(P<0.05).Comparison of the situation of school-age children in different age groups before and after health intervention showed that the height,BMI and head circumference of school-age children after preventive health intervention were higher than those without preventive health intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions The diet,exercise,regular physical examinations and others factors for school-age children can affect their growth and development.Therefore,strengthening prevention and health care work for school-age children can not only promote their growth and development,reduce the occurrence of related diseases,but also promote their neurological function development and ensure their healthy growth.