结直肠息肉患者饮食结构和肠道菌群结构分析

Structure analysis of diet and intestinal floras in patients with colorectal polyps

目的调查结直肠息肉(CP)患者饮食结构和肠道菌群结构。方法选取276例CP患者为观察组,另选取276例同期结肠镜检查阴性的健康体检者为对照组,再根据脂肪供能比例分为高脂组(高脂观察组162例、高脂对照组102例)和低脂组(低脂观察组114例、低脂对照组174例)。采用人口特征学调查问卷和食物频率问卷法评估人口学特征及膳食模式;分析各组属水平上肠道菌群结构;Logistic回归分析CP发病的危险因素。结果观察组与对照组碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质平均每日摄入量差异有显著性(P<0.05);高脂观察组、低脂观察组、高脂对照组、低脂对照组的巨单胞菌属、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌属和粪杆菌属的检出情况差异有显著性(P<0.05);体质指数、进食肉类和进食蔬菜类次数、高脂饮食为影响CP发病的相关因素。结论CP患者中高脂饮食占比升高,肠道菌群构成以拟杆菌属、粪杆菌属、普雷沃氏菌属-9和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌属为主。

Aim To investigate the structure of diet and intestinal floras in patients with colorectal polyps(CP).Methods A total of 276 patients with CP were enrolled as observation group,while 276 healthy controls with colonoscopy negative during the same period were enrolled as control group.According to the ratio of fat to energy s upply,all objects in the above two groups were divided into high-fat diet group(162 cases in high-fat observation group,102 cases in high-fat control group)and low-fat diet group(114 cases in low-fat observation group,174 cases in low-fat control group).The demographic characteristics and diet patterns were assessed by demographic characteristics questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).The structure of intestinal floras in different groups was analyzed.The influencing factors of CP onset were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results There were significant differences in average daily intakes of carbohydrates,fat and proteins between observation group and control group(P<0.05).The detection status of Megamonas,Burkholderia cepacia and Faecalibacterium among high-fat observation group,low-fat observation group,high-fat control group and low-fat control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).BMI,meat intake frequency,vegetables intake and high fat diet were related factors of CP onset.Conclusion In CP patients,proportion of high-fat diet is high.The main intestinal floras include Bacteroides,Faecalibacterium,Prevotella-9 and Burkholderia cepacia.