《资本论》的抽象概念及其历史辩证法意涵

Abstract Concepts in Das Kapital and Its Historical Dialectical Implications

抽象就是在诸多的具体中归纳、抽绎出同质化的东西,它是马克思借以考究社会现实问题的主要方法。对于马克思来说,抽象不仅要在实践过程中逐渐展开,还要在与众多具体的深刻交互中全面把握社会规定的本质与规律。直面抽象统治的现实,马克思深刻分析了资本的社会化与结构化所造成的社会政治后果。资本主体地位的获得与资本权力机制的生成,既使得资本结构化的体制更加稳固,又构筑了无形却严苛、坚固的抽象统治壁垒。鉴于此,马克思积极探寻着抽象的祛魅之法和人类的解放之途。随着数字时代的到来,抽象以更加隐蔽的方式强化着自身的统治、构筑着增殖的版图。我们必须沿着马克思的理论道路前进以寻找解决当代问题的良方。

The method of abstraction is to generalize and abstract the homogenization among many concretes.The method of abstraction was the main method by which Marx examined the problems of social reality.Marx believed that abstraction must unfold gradually not only in the course of practice,but also in a profound interaction with a multitude of concretes to fully grasp the nature and laws of social provisions.Marx confronted the reality of the rule of abstraction and deeply analyzed the socio-political consequences of the socialization and structuring of capital.The acquisition of the status of the subject of capital and the generation of the mechanisms of capital power both make the system of structuring capital more solid and construct invisible but harsh and solid barriers to abstract domination.With this in mind,Marx actively searched for an abstract dispensation and a path to human emancipation.With the advent of the digital age,abstraction reinforces its dominance and constructs proliferating territories in more insidious ways.We must follow the theoretical path of Marx in order to find solutions to contemporary problems.