核电厂不应被忽视的一个辐射照射源项

An ignored radiation exposure source term in nuclear power plants

放射性惰性气体是核电厂在运行过程中产生的一种放射性物质。由于其存在的物理形态和特性,以及对这类放射性辐射监测技术的限制和在特定工况下对核电厂工作人员可能会产生相应的辐射照射风险缺乏认知等因素,使得目前在运的核电厂基本上都还没有关注到该辐射源项的存在,也没有对该源项采取系统性的控制和防护措施。本文主要介绍了核电厂及反应堆厂房的放射性惰性气体源项,以及对工作人员的辐射影响,最后提出了降低核电厂放射性惰性气体照射风险的建议。

Noble gas is a kind of radioactive material produced in nuclear fission processes of a nuclear power unit.Nevertheless such radiation source term and its exposure risk to workers of nuclear power plants during specific conditions has been neglected,due to its physical form and charachteristics as well as the difficulties of exposure dose measurement technology.This paper calls for attention to the professional radiation staffs of nuclear power plants to make further efforts to identify those specific radiation risks existed inside the nuclear power plant and then to control and reduce the source terms and their exposure risks.